Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre
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Sun Bears Back to the Wild-Sunbearo & Loki!

15/1/2021

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Video by Chiew Lin May

​“And soon there will be here - taking first steps into true FREEDOM!”

The bears have blossomed into the wild bears they were meant to be!

Here Sunbearo and Loki take you on a journey to release into their protected forest. It was encouraged to see how they take a huge step to begin their new life. Wishing them well on their journey to freedom!

Sun bears release program are very costly. Please support and help us give sun bears a second chance at a life in the wild. We are incredibly grateful for the support from our supporters, volunteers for always be there for making sun bears return to the wild.


​Background music by Really Slow Motion:
1) Restoring Hope
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYL9k...
2) Riding the Light https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUPfa...

To read more about Sunbearo & Loki release back to the wild, kindly visit: https://www.bsbcc.org.my/bear-talk-bl... 
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Sunbearo & Loki Taking a Nap

18/11/2019

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Video by Chiew Lin May
Music I am Happy by AShamaluevMusic

The best things in life are FREEDOM
​Smile, Hug, Friends and Love

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Loki - the sun bear who never gave up!

7/7/2017

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Text and Photos by Chiew Lin May
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When you look into the eyes of a rescued sun bear cub, the sad truth is that sun bears are in grave danger of extinction in the wild which is led by a decline in at least 30 percent of the sun bear population in the last three decades. Sun bears live in their natural habitat, they learn all of the basic skills needed to survive. Ongoing habitat loss, poaching and illegal pet trade continues to be the biggest threat to wild bear populations in Southeast Asia.
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On March 24, 2014, we received a rescued female sun bear cub –Loki. BSBCC Founder & CEO, Dr. Wong Siew Te handling the new rescue cub.
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Loki was emaciated and malnourished upon the arrival.

​Found in the backyard of an inn, where she had been illegally kept as pet. Her previous owner purchased her from a friend in Ranau, a town on the west coast of Sabah and named her “Ooi”. Instead of learning to be a sun bear, she had been caged, lonely, fed an inappropriate diet and exploited to fulfill human selfishness. Unfortunately, we do not know what happened to little Loki’s mother. This horrific life was all she had ever known. Loki was rescued by Sabah Wildlife Department and sent to Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre (BSBCC) on March 24th, 2014. Loki is a very special sun bear cub and thanks to Steve Denim who is passionate about changing the life of captive sun bears by adopting her and named her “Loki” in memory of his cat that was struck by a car.
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Loki was saved and brought to her new home at the BSBCC. She was under quarantine and is being given around the clock care by our staff. Bear care team provide different type of natural enrichment. She practices her “wild bear skills” every day.

​When she first arrived at BSBCC, her paws and canines appeared too big for her tiny body. Due to the emotional trauma that resulted from her being kept as a pet, she was very stressed, pacing and showing signs of malnutrition, dehydration and severe diarrhea. Raising a sun bear cub requires extensive round-the-clock care with a balanced diet which comprises of fruits and protein, and exercise to help her grow strong and build confidence! After a thorough checkup, she began the long but hopeful journey of care and rehabilitation. Without the comfort of her mother, she was still traumatized to feel safe. When she was alone, she paced a lot. 
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Loki was saved and brought to her new home at the BSBCC. She was under quarantine and is being given around the clock care by our staff. Bear care team provide different type of natural enrichment. She practices her “wild bear skills” every day.
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​Little Loki is given different kinds of enrichment to improve her well-being by encouraging her to climb and exercise as much as possible. She lacked all of the basic forest skills. It did not look as if she was improving greatly over the first couple of weeks because she did not trust her care taker. However, things are going positive and Loki has grown to be happy and has become more comfortable when we introduce new bear friends to her. “The best enrichment for a bear is another bear” – Dr. Wong Siew Te (BSBCC Founder & CEO). They have built up a firm friendship that has lasted until this day! Every minute of every day, they love wrestling, play fighting and hanging out together. It was exciting to see her begin her new life with other bears! 
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Loki was saved and brought to her new home at the BSBCC. She was under quarantine and is being given around the clock care by our staff. Bear care team provide different type of natural enrichment. She practices her “wild bear skills” every day.
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Loki was saved and brought to her new home at the BSBCC. She was under quarantine and is being given around the clock care by our staff. Bear care team provide different type of natural enrichment. She practices her “wild bear skills” every day.


​Loki and her friends have been moved from Quarantine to the Bear House for further rehabilitation process. We know that there will be a second chance for Loki – in large green tropical rainforests with  tall trees, as she goes digging for termites, climbing trees, sniffing for bee nests, enjoying the cool breeze, running around, and wrestled from the forest floor...like a wild bear! On December 5th, 2015 Loki was nervous in taking her first brave steps into a new environment after she spent a long time inside a cage. It was hard for Loki to imagine her life could change and be a free sun bear in the wild. She made her way over to dense vegetation and straight away learnt to live in the trees.
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On December 5th, 2015 Loki stepped foot into the forest for the first time! She is exciting new things that surround her.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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On April 21st, 2014 this was a special day for Loki as it was her first contact with another sun bear. Due to her emotional trauma she had when she first arrived at BSBCC, she is now a mischievous bear and loves her new companion.
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On April 21st, 2014 this was a special day for Loki as it was her first contact with another sun bear. Due to her emotional trauma she had when she first arrived at BSBCC, she is now a mischievous bear and loves her new companion.
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Loki was saved and brought to her new home at the BSBCC. She was under quarantine and is being given around the clock care by our staff. Bear care team provide different type of natural enrichment. She practices her “wild bear skills” every day.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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Loki using her long, curved claws and strong canines to pulling, biting and breaking off branches to builds a comfortable small tree nest.
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Loki using her long, curved claws and strong canines to pulling, biting and breaking off branches to builds a comfortable small tree nest.
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She start to put her past trauma behind her, free to fell the forest floor under her paws!


​For a three year old, sub adult female bear, Loki has made tremendous progress during her rehabilitation time at BSBCC. She is always enthusiastic about exploring new things around the forest and she proved to us that she is an exceptional tree climber and can build arboreal nests. She adores her forest and spends most of the time learning vital skills in the forest canopy with her playmates. She has acquired many of the survival skills that she needs in order to survive in the wild!
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.
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It was pleasure to see Loki adapted quickly to her new forest. She loves to forage for wild food such as termites and invertebrates. She spent a great deal time climbing, resting, playing with branches on tree canopy and play fight with friends. Loki is learning all the skills pertinent to survival in the wild.

​We are so thrilled that little Loki is growing in confidence, active and an independent female bear. She was never able to experience learning survival skills with her mother, but at least she finds absolute delight with the good things in life. She is starting to put her past behind her and is learning to be a wild bear again. We hope Loki will one day be released back into the rainforest of Borneo where she belongs.
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Specialties of the Sun Bear

29/9/2016

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Text and Photos by Seng Yen Wah
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There are no words that can tell how much I love to walk in the forest in the sun.
Every bear carries different baggage arriving to BSBCC. But they learn everything necessary from the beginning in the forest enclosure with their friends.

In nature, sun bear cubs stay with their mothers until they two to three years old. When people take cubs away from their mothers, they also take away their chance of learning the survival skills from their mothers as well. If people only keep them as a pet in a small cage, they can never learn what they need to survive in the wild. This is the reason why our integration program becomes so important for the bears.
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The best enrichment for a bear is another bear. When they spend their time with their friends, they can learn relevant skills from them. Besides that, socialization can help to reduce bears stereotypical behavior. The forest enclosure provides them with a natural environment and enough space where they can explore with lots of activities, such as foraging, digging, climbing and play fight with each other.
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Loki, you see I found a watermelon here and lots of delicious fruits. –Sunbearo
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You got one and I got one too.
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There is no one to disturb our nap time.
Sun bears are the smallest bears among the bear species. But, they have the longest tongue amongst their peers. Their tongue is about 25cm to 30cm long. They not only use their long tongue to lick the honey out of bee nests, but also eat small insects found in decayed wood, such as ants and termites. By using their long tongue, they can reach the deep inside of bee nests or decayed wood to get themselves lots of yummy treats.

Sun bears have a keen olfactory sense. In order to encourage them to utilize their sense of smell, food is scattered around in the forest enclosures by bear keepers. This will encourage them to do more foraging. In the forest enclosure, they can also forage for the small insects.
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Let me use my sense of smell to find the small insects for my yummy snack.
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I think I found a small insect in the dead wood.
Sun bears have very strong canines and sharp claws. They are the excellent climbers. With the help of their curved shape claws, the can climb up trees reaching to 60m heights. Sun bears are the arboreal animals. They climb up on trees for sunbathing and resting. Besides that, there are using their claws for tearing apart the dead wood to get their important source of protein, the small insects as well. 
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These leaves smell good!!
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Opps, my belly.
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Let me do some exercise.
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Should I climb up higher?
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I think I need to take a rest first.
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You see how I’m using my canines to bite on the tree branch.
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I got busy foraging here.
Sun bears are a forest dependent species. The expertise of sun bears in their habitat makes them survive in the wild. However, poaching issues are still threatening their survival even though sun bears are a totally protected species under the Sabah Wildlife Conservation Enactment of 1997. Poachers are continuously hunting them illegally for consumption, medicine or decorative purposes. Please save the sun bears. They deserve to stay in the wild free and happy. Thank you!
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Please save the sun bears.
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Journey to the forest for Boboi, Kitud and Tan-Tan

15/8/2016

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Text by Seng Yen Wah
Photos by Chiew Lin May
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Tan-Tan was bought by a person with the purpose of rescuing her from being sold in the remote region of Paitan. After the person bought Tan-Tan, he informed the Sabah Wildlife Department and the Department’s Wildlife Rescue Unit sent her to BSBCC on August 5th, 2015. On the other hand, Boboi and Kitud were kept together in a cage before they were handed over to the Sabah Wildlife Department in Singgaron Village, Ranau district. They were originally from Pitas, Sabah and only arrived at BSBCC on October 30th, 2015.
 
Boboi, Kitud and Tan-Tan stayed together in quarantine. Boboi is like a big brother that always backs up Kitud and Tan-Tan. Tan-Tan is the little one. She likes to follow behind Kitud so that she can get more comfort. If Boboi and Kitud are not around her, she will seek for them. Kitud is dominant, even though her size is not as big as Boboi. But, she always leads them to take an adventure with her. After the health check, they were moved from quarantine to the bear house. This was the time for them to meet the sub-adult group. 
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The sub-adult group and also the big group was very welcoming for them to join as new members. The sub-adult group members included Sunbearo, Loki, Ronnie Girl, Momtom, Damai, Susie2, Mary and Kala. They were playing well together, even though Kitud and Tan-Tan have a smaller body size than them. Here we have a little warm story about Tan-Tan and Susie2. Susie2 had trauma with her early life. This made Susie2 avoid herself from others. But, little sweet Tan-Tan would approach her and follow her when she met Susie2. She would accompany her silently from behind. Momtom and Sunbearo, the big brothers and Mary, Loki and Ronnie Girl, the big sisters, have shown more interest to play with them. Damai has no interest to play with them. She prefers to stay in the hammock and when they try to disturb her, she will give them warning. Also, the way that Kala played was too rough for them. But they did not have serious aggression with each other. And now, they can share a cage and stay with the sub-adult group.
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Before they went back to the forest, they had to go through fence training. Fence training is a training to let the bears know that the hot wire may zap them if they get too close to it.This is because all the forest enclosures are surrounded by hot wire. These three little bears are full of courage. From the first day they got zapped, they climbed on the electric fence and began barking. Now, they can move freely between the buffer cage and training pen. They even can play fight in the training pen. Most of the bears do not like the training pen. This is because every bear has been zapped in here before. But, not for Boboi, Kitud and Tan Tan. From the first week, the three of them almost had been zapped everyday. But, they never gave up learning. After that, Tan-Tan knew to use her claws to get the food that was near the hot wire without getting zapped. Once one of them knew how, the rest of them would learn from her. After 20 days of training, they finally passed.
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The day came! Once the guillotine door opened, their first actions were sniffing the surroundings and looking outside at the forest. They tapped on the ramp just like they were testing whether the ramp was safe for them or not. There was lots of tasty treats, fruits and honey on the ramp. They slowly stepped out and saw the outside world. Kitud was the bravest bear among them. She was the first who touched the ground. Tan-Tan followed Kitud back. When Kitud and Tan-Tan took their first steps outside, Boboi was looking at them through the guillotine door. He went in between the buffer cage and training pen, and tried to find a way out with different styles. After 20 minutes he struggled and he finally joined them in the forest. They explored the forest together. When they met with others, they’d play fight with them as well. Now they enjoy to stay in the forest. Once the guillotine door opens, they just go out and take their adventures all day long in either pen C or pen D with their big brothers and sisters. Let’s see how they enjoy life in the forest.
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Watching Boboi, Kitud and Tan-Tan growing healthy and adapting well in the forest is undoubtedly one of our greatest pleasure. They will never again live in fear and well entitled to do anything they love!
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Happy Kala and The Forest

17/6/2016

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Text by Seng Yen Wah
​Photos by Chiew Lin May
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Kala is a one year old, female bear. She is at BSBCC because her previous owner surrendered her to the Sabah Wildlife Department’s Wildlife Rescue Unit with the intention to save her after they found her on Kalabakan-Sapulut Road near Meliau Basin. Kala got to walk in the forest with a bear keeper when she was still a cub. However, it had been a while since Kala had experienced the forest. Walking a cub is not an easy task. The task becomes harder while the cub is growing up because they can be very hard to control. Now, Kala is growing well. Hence, there is no more need for her to walk with a bear keeper. But this does not mean that she will not go back into the forest anymore. 

Fence training is a very important step before the bears can go out to the forest enclosure. This is because the forest enclosure is surrounded with high voltage hot wire. The hot wire is to prevent the bears escaping from the forest enclosure.
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In the beginning, we made a food trail for Kala and encouraged her out to the training pen. The training pen was a strange place for her and hence why we prepared lots of food and her favourite, honey, to encourage her. She was doing well. After that we scattered food near the fence and observed how she responded with the hot wire. Unsurprisingly, she was zapped by the hot wire. After she had been zapped, she ran back to her cage and did not going to the training pen anymore. After a few tries, she became alert when she went inside the training pen. She knew that once she was too close and accidently touched the hot wire she would get a zap. Hence, she kept a distance with the hot wire. Besides that, she knows how to avoid being zapped by the hot wire. She was using her claws to grab the food near the fence. When she was able to walk in between the buffer cage and training pen with confidence, this meant that she had passed her fence training.
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After fence training, it was time for her to go back to the forest. In order to encourage Kala out to the forest enclosure, we prepared an attractive food trail on a ramp. Once the guillotine door opened, Kala showed her curiosity with the new environment. She sniffed the guillotine door and the ramp first. Then she took a look at the outside and sniffed the forest. 
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Smells are different here.
When she was trying to grab the food on the ramp, she placed a front leg out and then both front legs touched the ramp. But, her two hind legs were still inside the cage. She was trying so hard to get the food on the ramp. Once she grabbed the food, she brought it inside and ate it in the cage. 
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Let me think a while. Hmm.. In or Out?
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Tasty and juicy fruits on the ramp and that are why I am here.
After days passed, there was a sunny day on the 6thof June. When Kala tried to grab the food on the ramp, the ramp was too slippery and she slipped on to the ground. 
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I am on the ground.
After she touched the ground, the very first thing she did was explore the environment. She walked and sniffed around the forest enclosure. There were lots of things that attracted her attention, soils, trees that she had not seen for a while. When she saw the trees, she climbed up them.  When she saw soil, she started digging it. There are lots of activities that she can do in the forest enclosure. She spends her days in there. 
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This is my dream land, the forest.
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Tree, I love trees.
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What’s that on the ground?
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I’m tearing off a big dead wood.
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Here got a big tree.
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Yeah, I am climbing up on a tree.
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Let me enjoy this beautiful sunlight.
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I got a bit sleepy now.
​Soil is her favourite enrichment since she was small. She’s smelt, touched and tasted the soil. Even when she feels tired, she lays on the soil and continues to play with it.
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This is my soils.
Friends are so important for humans and also for bears. Kala joined a big family with Sunbearo, Loki, Ronnie Girl, Momtom, Susie2 and Damai. They encouraged her when she went to the training pen and also back to the forest as well. And now, Kala can learn survival skills from her friends such as foraging and digging in the forest. They love playing and enjoying the natural environment together. Sometimes they play fight with each other and sometimes they forage together. In the forest Kala learns and plays with her friends and the most important thing is that she is happy.
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What are you doing out there, Loki?
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I should learn from Susie2 that how she foraging.
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Kala is not a lonely bear

10/4/2016

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Text by Seng Yen Wah (Intern Student from University Malaysia Sabah)
Photos by Chiew Lin May

Kala was bought by a person who with the intention of saving cub on Kalabakan-Sapulut Road near Maliau Basin and then the owner surrendered her to the Sabah Wildlife Department’s Wildlife Rescue Unit. When she arrived at the BSBCC, she was weak. This may cause by the early separation of Kala and her mother. A small cub usually will stay with her mother until 2 to 3 years old. What is the reason will cause a mother to separate with her own cub when they are still in a very young age? The answer is, they had been killed by poachers in order to poach the cute bear cubs. We will say that, the overload cuteness of bear cubs is a horrible curse for them. Kala may have a horrific early life, but now she is growing up and starting her new happy life in BSBCC.

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" HELLO" - Kala and Ronnie
Kala used to stay with our other sun bear cubs Boboi, Tan-Tan and Kitud. However the way Kala played made her little to no friends and the other little bears did not like to play with her. After Kala moved from the quarantine to bear house, she had to stay alone. And in order to find some companions for Kala, bear keepers were trying to integrate Kala with our sub-adult group, the bears Sunbearo, Loki, Ronnie Girl, Montom, Susie2 and Damai. 
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" I see you" - Kala
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"Let me get closer" - Kala
The integration between Kala and the sub-adult group was closely monitored to see whether Kala could be integrated with this group or not. If one of the bears in sub-adult group could not be integrated well with Kala, it usually means the integration within the entire group does not work. One has to bear in mind the integration is not simply putting bears together, it is also depended on their age, weight and sex. Their age and weight have to be similar, if not the worst case scenario would be the smaller bear could be injured or during the integration.
 
Moreover, if the condition of any bear is of lesser healthy, the integration may have to be halted to prevent the spread of disease etc. that may cause other bears illnesses eventually.   
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" Can I come and play with you?" -Kala
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" I’m ready to play! " - Ronnie
Starting any integration, 30 minutes of time spent together is seen as the limit. Later, if they play well with each other, the time of the integration periods can be extended. During the integration, bear keepers have to observe and if needed step in. Before any integration starts, at least 2 buckets of water and a fire extinguisher are ready and prepared in close proximity of the observing bear keepers. So, in case of any aggression, the bear keeper can step in and use the water or fire extinguisher to separate the aggressive bears or stop aggressive behavior. If the situation becomes worse a loud horn can also be used but we see this as a matter of last resort because the sound might cause other bears distress. The ultimate separation tool in any case of aggression is the use of a water jet to separate them. All actions during the integration sessions are carefully recorded by observers in an integration form.
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" Why don’t you see my canine? " - Sunbearo
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" See my canine !" - Montom
The integration for Kala is having an additional purpose, which is let Kala learn and eventually know how to play with other bears. Most of the time, Kala is the one who first enters to other bears cage. She loves to play by moving backwards without looking who she is actually with. And Kala is a very playful bear, she likes to play fight, to chase and run after other bears. However to be honest, Kalas play is really rough, she often paws and snaps after other bears. And hence, Montom, Ronnie Girl, Sunbearo and Susie2 reacted aggressive when they played with Kala during the very first days. The good news is, they are getting to know Kala better after they met for few times, at lately no more aggressive behavior was shown.  
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Please do not disturb, we are playing well here. - Loki and Kala
Montom and Loki are the ones who always approach Kala. Both of them have showed much more interest in playing with Kala. Sunbearo plays with Kala too, but not as much as Montom and Loki do. On the other side, Kala always approaches Ronnie Girl and Susie2. But, the way she plays seems not acceptable to them. Susie2 always tries to avoid Kala. Damai on the other hand is a solitary bear. She shows the least interest in playing with Kala among the group. Most of the time, she was just stays in a hammock and looking at Kala from hammock. 
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" This platform is so comfort, see me. Do you want to try? " - Kala
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Don’t be afraid. I can be your good friend. - Loki
For now, Kala was integrated with 2 of 6 bears in one session. In the future we will try to integrate her with at least 4 of the 6 bears at one time. We are looking forward to the integration of Kala with the sub-adult group and hope she can be friends with them soon. After the little bears would not play with her, we want to find her some companion. Now she will get new friends, and is not a lonely bear anymore.
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Sunbearo, Loki & Ronnie Journey to Wild

3/1/2016

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Text by Koo Wei Chee (BSBCC Intern Student)
Photos by Chiew Lin May
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   There was a project that I assigned for to upgrade myself to do something more advance besides the regular routine of what volunteers and interns can do and I got myself one, Thye Lim and Lin May gave me a big project to do, the objective is rehabilitate young sun bears Sunbearo, Ronnie, and Loki back to the wild.

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​Sunbearo, a 1 year old a male juvenile, was kept in a Mini Zoo Hot Spring, Tawau, South Eastern of Sabah before he was handed over to the Sabah Wildlife Department and BSBCC.

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​Loki, a 1 year old female juvenile, was discovered in the backyard of an inn, where she had been illegally kept as a pet for about five months. It was confiscated by the Sabah Wildlife Department and sent to BSBCC on 24th March 2014.
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Ronnie, a 1 year old female juvenile, has an unknown history but we believe that she was kept as an ex-pet and was sent to the BSBCC on July 15, 2014. 
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    They had already been integrated and became very good friends, rolling and playing around every day.

​    Fence training is a session for the bears to be aware of electric fences. The place where they are trained is in a moderate size indoor enclose den called training pen with 6 lines of electric wires from top to bottom in the inside perimeter. It is a nightmare for them but a very crucial and important stage to let the bears know that they should not touch those wires or else will be zapped in an electricity. One bear is only allowed in the training in one time if the bear was the first time training in the training pen because if there were two or more newly introduced bears in the training pen and one got zapped, it will immediately thought that it was the other bear which made the torture where will result a bear fight. The fence training period depend on the bears’ progress and it may take up to three months for the bears to get used to the training pen or never. Fruits were scattered near the sliding gate to encourage the bears to go into the training pen, fruits were then scattered near the electric fence once they feel confident to enter to the training pen. Each session of fence training is 30 minutes, the keepers and volunteers in charge have to observe carefully and write down in a table quickly of any moments and behaviours of the bears during the fence training session, this is the most tiring part when keeper in charge sometimes have to recall back what has not been written after the training session. A bear is considered pass the fence training is when it can be able to move freely between cage and training pen in normal behaviour without zap be able to avoid the fence. The bears will then be able to proceed to the next training, the forest enclosure training.
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    It was hard to watched when we saw them got zapped the first time and they barked, becoming very stressful and will start to pace in the furthest dens they can be from the training pen. Sunbearo was the one the which got the most zap, he did not know what to do at one time but to climb up and got even worse to be zapped in the second electric wire, Lester quickly run to switch off the electricity of the training pen, Sunbearo then climbed down and run to the furthest den and started to bark and moaning, he knew the pain, looking at us and keep moaning for doing this to him.

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Sunbearo stands up in the training pen and see what’s going on outside while Loki continues foraging in search of foods.
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So glad to see the Sunbearo, Loki, and Ronnie are in the training pen at the same time foraging for food.
     ​Integration sun bear is one of the rehabilitation process in BSBCC. Integration between rescue sun bears is one of the rehabilitation process in BSBCC through which the bears can learn pertinent skills for survival in the wild. There are some facts which needs to evaluate before targeting any two or more sun bears for the integration training to prevent or decrease bear fight possibility: (1) age, size, and weight have to be similar, if they have big difference, a bear would definitely be killed if they fought; (2) the bears have to be healthy. Younger bears and group bears seem to have a high possibility in successful integration because they have less thought, more curious, and have social group experience for the group bears. Before integration process, few pails of water and a fire extinguisher have to be prepared near the integration cage in case of emergency. Integration lasts for one hour, a paper with a list of table, behaviour codes, and remarks was used to write down the behaviours of the bears in any movement during the integration, this is the detail or data which will be the appendix of the research on how those bears react with each other. 


Integration Pros and Cons

Pros
  • Allow two or more bears to live in the same cage.
  • Save more cages for more rescued bears.
  • Allow bears to be less stressful where it turns out that group bears will have less pacing because they have companions to play with and to promote other positive behaviour.
  • The best enrichment for a bear is another bear

Cons
  • Bears are solitary animals, they may think is normal to have another bear as companion, becoming less defensive to wild sun bears, resulting a concern for rehabilitation.


    Sun bears appears to be solitary because their food are scattered all around the forest and they need their own territory to maintain their own food supply, thus for those integrated captive sun bears in the forest enclosure, we need to scatter enough foods all over the area to prevent them for fighting for food supply. Bears and others animal are solitary mainly due to the food shortage issue, in captive condition, foods are always been provided, so we encourage them to stay in a group to promote positive behavior development. Although there is a conflict between the bears natural characteristics and integration, it is used to assist the bears to get along well with each other so that they can be in a single forest enclosure because the main issue is about the centre’s limited number of forest enclosures and dens. Newly rescued captive sun bears need their own space, thus the integration stays an important role for the bear care unit.

​   On 22 November 2015, we integrate Sunbearo, Loki and Ronnie with Montom (a 3 years old sub adult male bear) and Susie (a 4 years old adult female bear). 

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“Come on! Let’s play, what you are waiting for?” says Loki bites Montom’s neck softly to try to pull him to the mini platform.
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Montom sniffs Ronnie as a welcome greeting to his place
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Sunbearo gave Montom and Susie an alarming growl
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    We were surprised that Sunbearo, Ronnie, and Loki had a very fast progress in the integration and fence training with Montom and Susie where they played, foraged, and eat together without aggression. Three weeks after the training, the management team decided to let Sunbearo, Loki, and Ronnie to enter the last stage of training, the enclosure training in forest enclosure.
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    Forest enclosure training is the practice of the applications given to the sun bears in the previous stages of all training and enrichment such as giving them the second chance to climb, toys to improve their senses of smell, sight, touch and taste, integration training and electric fence training. Before the bears went out to the forest, prepared fruit pieces are placed near the cage or guillotine door to encourage the bears to go out and eat, time by time when the bears are confident with the area, the fruit will then be placed further from the cage to encourage them to go further to the forest. At least two keepers have to take a broom and keep an eye of the bears around the forest enclosure outside perimeter to prevent the bears to climb out from the enclosure because the bears may still not get use to the electric fence and may climb up if they got zapped. The training duration for keepers to watch over is the same as training pen, it may take months to have a success for the bears to touch the ground or even not, but the training is not over as it lasts until the bear can really be able to take care of itself for example searching foods in nature, climbing trees and make nest. This is the last stage for the bears before they can be the candidates to be released back to the wild, thus this training is crucial, giving the bears a second chance to go back to their natural wild habitat in a very large area of natural forest.
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Sunbearo, Loki and Ronnie are surprised to see the world outside.
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Ronnie was the one who takes the first step on earth and Loki is watching Ronnie carefully to see if there is any danger to the world outside.
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“Hey Loki, I think I’ve found something there, should we try to take a look?” says Ronnie on the ground.
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Ronnie in den 10, watching far away to see the world; Loki was too hungry, keep on eating through the way; Sunbearo still don’t seem dare to go out.
   Within two weeks the three bears got their first zap from the electric fence near the dens. They still got zapped because they were introduced to a new environment although they already knew there is electric fence which results an environment shock to them. In the first week, I put their prepared cut fruits near their dens to encourage them to go out and explore the enrichment and environment. When they got used to the area, I then started to put further from the den and deeper to the forest enclosure time by time to encourage them to explore more. 
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Sunbearo feels more comfortable with the place and starts to explore deeper to the forest
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Wow! Loki is eating honey bees, she should be enjoying it to lick some honey on the ram and eat some bees as bonus protein
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Ronnie, foraging on the forest floor
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Loki was checking the ram to see if there’s any remaining honey left
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“What are you doing there, can’t you go away?” said Loki as she was very alert to the movements of the surrounding area when she was foraging
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Loki took a quick rest after foraging for so long
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Loki wondering around on the A-frame platform build by our volunteers
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Sunbearo was wondering how to climb down from the A-frame platform
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“Ah! Where’s my food?” said Loki when she saw us but didn’t see any fruits more which we scattered on the forest enclosure
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Ronnie was alert to the movements and sound on the surrounding area
    The training on forest enclosure E has some issues not only the bears character and behaviour but also the location itself as it is located near the bear house entrance. Keepers who are not in charge of the training will sometimes do their work outside the bear house which made those sound-sensitive bears to be extra alert, thus whenever there’s a sound, even footsteps of us, the bears which are still not used to it will rush back to their dens.

    At 24th December 2015, it was a very special day because guillotine door was ordered to close after the bears had gone outside forest. When the guillotine door was shut down, the bears were in alert and stayed very closed to the door, but after a few minutes, Loki and Ronnie started to do what they did as usual, foraging, eating bugs, ants, and termites. Sunbearo then followed them and went even further, he went to all the areas of the surrounding fence and unluckily got zapped again, and he pulled back but not long and went deep in the forest in search for ants and termites. It was a special day indeed that all the bears start confident explore the environment.
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Sunbearo, having his precious coconut on the forest floor
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Sunbearo had a coconut found as a reward which we threw inside the forest to encourage the bears to explore more. Oops! Loki (on the right) saw that.
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It was the first time ever for a bear to sit on this newly made fire hose hammock, Sunbearo is the one who made the record at 24th December 2015.
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Sunbearo was finding his way to climb down from the mini-platform while Loki was having her precious coconut.
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Sunbearo finally got his way to climb down after searching for around one minute; Ronnie (on the right) kept on searching and digging for her favorite ants and termites
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“What is going on right there?” said Ronnie standing up to explore
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Sunbearo had a thought once to climb the tree and he then went to forage again, we were very concern about this because the bears should know how to climb a tree to build a nest in order to be one of the candidates to be released back to the wild.
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Loki wants to climb down to join Sunbearo to forage for ants
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“My precious coconut water” said Loki drinking up as much as she can

   On day (28th December 2015), my supervisor, Thye Lim, had a plan to make some food enrichment to be hanged on trees to encourage them to climb. It is a huge success because Loki finally climbed a tree for the first time in her life and successfully climbed her way to get the fruits as her reward. We were then felt extremely happy that Sunbearo and Ronnie also made their first time climbing a tree on the following day (29th December 2015), not only climbed a tree but several trees in the enclosure.
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Loki, first climb !! Sun bear have long and curved claws that help them in climb trees.
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Loki climb trees to get at the honey and honey bees in the Pipe Feeder
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Sunbearo even decided to climb on the tree to have a better view !
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Ronnie playing hide and seek on trees
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They find a way to get the tasty food out the bamboo feeder.
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Sun bear learns how to climb when they are young.

​    It was a nice pleasure and glad to see the bears given the second chance to touch the earth for the first time in their whole life. I like to see them exploring the environment, foraging, digging, climbing trees and sometimes stand up to watch further in alert to the surrounding area, these are what bears should do, and I really hope they can have a good progress to become candidates to be released back to the wild.
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The Integration between Ronnie with Sunbearo and Loki

11/9/2014

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​Text and Photos by Chiew Lin May
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Like most mammals, bear cubs require intense maternal care during their first few months of life.  As cubs grow and gain mobility, they romp and play, but they never stay far from their protective mothers, who keep them safe from predators and other mishaps.  The mothers also teach cubs the secrets of survival— where to find food, and what to eat.  – Siew Te Wong

The rescued sun bear cubs have to learn to live together. The interactions between bear cubs can help them to develop and learn some skills that are needed in the wild. On August 25, 2014, we introduced Ronnie to other sun bear cubs, Sunbearo and Loki. However, when Ronnie was moved to quarantine area during her first arrival at BSBCC, she was not very welcomed by Sunbearo where Sunbearo kept growling at Ronnie. Therefore during the first integration, our team monitored them with extra cautions and were prepared for a sudden fight between them.

Luckily, after opening the sliding gate between their dens, Sunbearo was the first to initiate the play and it was Ronnie first contact with other bears. Both of them spent the most of the time playing at the small platform and basket. On the next day, Ronnie was integrated with another bear cub, Loki. Loki was very curious towards Ronnie and barked on her during their first meeting. When the two bears met, both of them played and wrestled immediately.
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Integrate with Sunbearo. Sunbearo was waiting to enter next den and meet Ronnie.
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Ronnie first meet with other bear!
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The next day meet with Loki.
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Looking at Loki how she tear the log.
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Loki giving Ronnie a bite on her tiny canines.
On August 29, 2014, we integrated Ronnie with Sunbearo and Loki. Ronnie body size is small as compared to Sunbearo and Loki. They are now learning to enjoy their life again after suffering the pain from the loss of their mothers and being kept as pets by illegal poachers. ​
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PLAYTIME !!
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Seeming that they begin to understand each other better...
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Showing a lot of teeth and claws in these play fight!
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Sometimes, Ronnie continues to play even though she is already tired and exhausted. They like to climb, chase, and bite with each other. These three bears are getting along very well and showing no signs of aggression. ​
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This integration is a great successful!
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Tired after play!
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Lovely!
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Dreaming...
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The three sun bears are living together in the big den.
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Learning the skills that need to cope in the wild.
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Foraging for food.
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She is enjoy eating fruits. Using her small claws as a fork to grab the fruits.
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Climbing skill.
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Playing with some enrichment.
However, Ronnie seems to be the dominant one if there is food. She becomes slightly aggressive by growling and barking to whom trying to approach her. She also makes it clear that she is no longer interested in playing but to continue eating. Nevertheless, the three of them still mingle well as Sunbearo and Loki perceived the message from Ronnie clearly!
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Even busy with explore in the den, Ronnie still will keep alert with surrounding sound!
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Over the past few weeks, they explored, played, wrestled, climbed, foraged and rested together in the big exercise pen. Ronnie is now able to live in community and loves her new companions. She seems to become more playful and active in the presence Sunbearo and Loki.  All of us are very excited to see her begins her new life with other bears.
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Meet Loki !

9/9/2014

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Loki, one year old orphan female sun bear cub arrived at Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre on March 24, 2014. She had been confiscated by Sabah Wildlife Department who discovered her living in the backyard of an inn where she had been illegally kept as pet for about five months. Her previous owner purchased her from a friend in Ranau on west coast of Sabah and had named her “Ooi”.

The story of her background is still unclear but sad to think that her mother has certainly been killed. Loki has made tremendous progress during her time at BSBCC and has acquired many of the survival skills she that she will need in order to survive in the wild. We look forward to the day when she will live in the Borneo forests that she loves! 

Steve Denim from UK, who has a passion for sun bears, adopted this very special sun bear cub and changed her name to “Loki” as a way to remember his cat who had been struck by a car. On behalf of the sun bears, we want to say “Thank You” to Steve Denim who continues to support Loki though the BSBCC adoption program. His continued support helps to rescue and care for this orphan sun bear ensuring her well-being and future care.
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Loki arrived at BSBCC on 24th March 2014. Delivered by Sabah Wildlife Department’s Wildlife Rescue Unit.
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Having a good snooze!
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​Integration with Sunbearo and Ronnie


Although sun bear is solitary in the wild, sun bear in captivity appear to benefit from social interaction. 

Loki was very stressful and shy when she first arrived at the Centre. Now she has changed so much especially after integrate her with Sunbearo (one year old male sun bear cub) and Ronnie (6 months old female sun bear cub). They love to spending time together playing, chasing, foraging, climbing and resting. 

Lovely to see them playing freely and enjoying themselves!
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They enjoy and happily spend time exploring their den.
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The joys of the play fight!
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Loki is very sociable bear that like to join and hanging out with Sunbearo and Ronnie.
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​Enrichment for sun bears


Enrichment improves the well being of bears in captivity and improves reintroduction success by encouraging natural behaviours to survival in the wild. Enrichment activities include logs, tyres, dead wood, branches, twigs, dried leaves, fresh plant material, and etc.
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Enjoying some tasty treats.
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​FOOD

In the BSBCC, food enrichment introduces the necessary variation onto the diets of the bears.

Loki absolutely loves food and enjoys eating variety of fruits, termites, invertebrate and honey!
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Sniffing out hidden pieces of fruits.
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Little Loki is starting put her past behind her and is learning to be a wild bear again. Thanks to Steve Denim, she is able to enjoy the freedom to live her life as a sun bear!
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